gmat语法 碰上长划线题肿么破

在gmat语法考试中，碰上长划线题，同学们该肿么应对?

gmat语法句子改错出题方式有两种，一种是题干部分划线，另一种是题干全部划线，除此之外，有五个选项，仔细看，我们会发现A选项和题干中划线部分的内容一模一样，再看剩下的四个选项，发现其实都是对划线部分的改写而已。

　　我们说部分划线的题，我们可以从未划线的正确部分推测划线部分出错在哪里，那么对于全部划线的，没有正确的参照物，我们该怎么办呢?其实全划线 好是从通读全文了解句子大概意思开始入手。我们接下来看一道gmat语法题：

　　Authoritative parents are more likely than permissive parents to have children who as adolescents are self-confident, high in self-esteem, and responsibly independent.

　　(A)Authoritative parents are more likely than permissive parents to have children who as adolescents are self-confident, high in self-esteem, and responsibly independent.

　　(B)Authoritative parents who are more likely than permissive parents to have adolescent children that are self-confident, high in self-esteem, and responsibly independent.

　　(C)Children of authoritative parents, rather than permissive parents, are the more likely to be self-confident, have a high self-esteem, and to be responsibly independent as adolescents.

　　(D)Children whose parents are authoritative rather than being permissive, are more likely to have self-confidence, a high self-esteem, and be responsibly independent when they are an adolescent.

　　(E)Rather than permissive parents, the children of authoritative parents are the more likely to have self-confidence, a high self-esteem, and to be responsibly independent as an adolescent.

　　南京朗阁gmat语法策略提示，首先，了解原文大意：通读全句子，我们了解到，题干所讲的意思大概是说一种父母比另外一种父母容易有怎样的小孩，句子中出现了more……than……”的比较句式，而且根据这个意思，所以我们知找到了一个考点就是比较。既然是比较，那就需要看比较双方是否一致，是否具有可比性。

　　A选项中比较双方是出现了more……than“前后的比较对象“authoritative parents”和“permissive parents”是两种类型的父母，没问题，

　　再看B选项比较对象没问题，C选项是rather than前后“ permissive parents”与“Children“对象不一致，排除，D选型rather than前后“being permissive”与“Children”对象不一致，排除，E选项 permissive parents”与“Children“比较对象不一致，排除。所以就剩下AB两个选项了。

　　区别AB两个选项，B选项的who和A选项的who位置不一样，一分析就发现B选项句子结构“are more likely……”成为了“who”引导的定语从句中的谓语，则主句失去谓语，主谓结构不完整。句子缺少谓语，所以排除B，

　　 后我们验证一下A这个选项，比较结构为“authoritative parents are more likely(to have children who……)than permissive parents (are likely) to have children who……”。Children后边有个who引导的定语从句修饰孩子。“self-confident”、“high in self-esteem”、“responsibly independent”三者用“and”平行在一起，正确地构建了“A，B，and C”的平行结构。所以这个句子是正确的，也就是说作为跟划线句子一样的A选项也是正确的。

　　练:1：　　Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether the Earth would warm and by how much, but climatologists have indicated all along that the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess.

　　A. the most obvious effects, and those that would have the largest impact on people, would be extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess

　　B. the effects that are the most obvious ones, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, would be those impacting the most on people

　　C. those effects to have the largest impact on people, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, are what are the most obvious effects

　　D. extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, the most obvious effects, that they would have the largest impact on people

　　E. extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess, which are the most obvious effects, are those to impact the most on people

　　翻译：对于温室效应的讨论一般都集中在地球是否会变暖和会变多少，但是气象学家指出， 明显的效应和对人类影响 大的现象中是极端气候，降水和风暴。

　　句式：Discussion has focused on whether, but c have indicate all that.

　　思路：长句子的时候，要多读语义，体会出差异。

　　选项：

　　A. 正确;

　　B. 变成了the most obvious ones, extremes of temperature, precipitation, and storminess并列了，不合句子原来的意思;

　　C. 应该用虚拟语气;

　　D. THEY指代歧义;

　　E. Which指代不清，应该用虚拟语气。

　　练习2：The Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) spacecraft will orbit the asteroid Eros for a year, slowly moving closer to the surface of the object to make ever more precise measurements that scientists hope will enable them to understand how the solar system formed some four billion years ago.

　　A. to make ever more precise measurements that scientists hope will enable them to

　　B. to make ever more and more precise measurements, which scientists are hoping to enable them

　　C. for making ever more precise measurements, and scientists hope that they will be able to

　　D. with the purpose of making more precise measurements than ever, and which scientists hope will enable them to

　　E. in order to make more precise measurements than it ever did, and scientists are hoping they will be able to

　　翻译：近地小行星交会(NEAR)飞船将绕小行星爱神一年，慢慢靠拢的物体表面进行精确的测量，科学家希望将使他们能够了解太阳系在大约四十亿年前怎么形成的。

　　句式：NEAR will orbit the asteroid eros, slowly moving closer to the surface of the object to make measurements that scientist hope will enable them to do how....

　　思路：读语义和句子的逻辑关系。

　　选项：

　　A. 正确;

　　B. ever more and more两者关系不能连用;"measurements, which scientists are hoping to enable them" 两个词不能连用，因为"enable"有两个不同的宾语："measurements, which" and "them";

　　举例：

　　a) i am hoping to HIT it --> "it" = object of "hit"

　　b) the ball, which i am hoping to HIT" --> "ball, which" = "hit"的宾语;

　　the ball, which i am hoping to HIT it"(双宾语同样含义)

　　For doing表示目的性不如to do;and链接的是两个不同含义的东西，1)the spacecraft is hanging around making measurements, and 2)scientists hope one day 两个是相互独立的时间，但是句子意思是两者有联系的;所以AND不合适;

　　C. 介词词组(with the purpose of...)和定语从句不平行(which ...);

　　D. and链接的是两个关系相连的东西，AND不合适。