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新托福语法之宾格代词

时间:2012-04-23 17:45来源:朗阁小编作者:sailor

独立主格结构是介于分词和主谓句之间的非谓语形式,对于分词来讲其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语持一致,而独立主格则在很大程度上克服了这一局限性

1、主要特征

(1) 独立主格是含有主语的分词结构,分词与主语间是主谓关系,

基本形式为:主语+现在分词或过去分词

如:his heart bleeding

the baby crying

the project completed

The school being over, the street was full of the students.

= When the school was over, the street was full of the students.

(2)切记独立主格不等同于主谓结构,

比较:my mind wandering (独立主格);

My mind was wandering (主谓结构)

(3)独立主格的主语和句子主语不一致

如:(With) His mouth filled with water, he couldn’t utter a word. (独立主格)

对于分词来讲其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语持一致:

Filling his mouth with water, he couldn’t utter a word.

2. 在句子中的作用

独立主格结构通常在句中表示时间、条件,原因、伴随状态等

如:The film being over, we had a stroll on the nearby street. (时间)

Weather permitting, I will go fishing with my family. (条件)

Time pressing, they had to work overtime. (原因)

The leaves rustling in the breeze, I roamed on the country road. (伴随)

例题:

(1)

----modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.

(A) If

(B) But

(C) With

(D)Once

答案:C

解释:句中主干完整, 主语是designers, 谓语是are attempting, 之后是不定式构成的宾语。 空白后 becoming 采取分词形式, modern offices是becoming的逻辑主语, 因此可确定需填入的词会与原句构成独立主格结构, 而不是从句, A B D可一次性排除, 其实此句除去空白处, 已是完整的句子, 类似句子如: The man entered the room, his hair flying in the air.

注意: 表示伴随状态的独立主格结构通常可以由with引导, 如本例题.

 

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