独立主格结构是介于分词和主谓句之间的非谓语形式,对于分词来讲其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语持一致,而独立主格则在很大程度上克服了这一局限性 1、主要特征 (1) 独立主格是含有主语的分词结构,分词与主语间是主谓关系, 基本形式为:主语+现在分词或过去分词 如:his heart bleeding the baby crying the project completed The school being over, the street was full of the students. = When the school was over, the street was full of the students. (2)切记独立主格不等同于主谓结构, 比较:my mind wandering (独立主格); My mind was wandering (主谓结构) (3)独立主格的主语和句子主语不一致 如:(With) His mouth filled with water, he couldn’t utter a word. (独立主格) 对于分词来讲其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语持一致: Filling his mouth with water, he couldn’t utter a word. 2. 在句子中的作用 独立主格结构通常在句中表示时间、条件,原因、伴随状态等 如:The film being over, we had a stroll on the nearby street. (时间) Weather permitting, I will go fishing with my family. (条件) Time pressing, they had to work overtime. (原因) The leaves rustling in the breeze, I roamed on the country road. (伴随) 例题: (1) ----modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors. (A) If (B) But (C) With (D)Once 答案:C 解释:句中主干完整, 主语是designers, 谓语是are attempting, 之后是不定式构成的宾语。 空白后 becoming 采取分词形式, modern offices是becoming的逻辑主语, 因此可确定需填入的词会与原句构成独立主格结构, 而不是从句, A B D可一次性排除, 其实此句除去空白处, 已是完整的句子, 类似句子如: The man entered the room, his hair flying in the air. 注意: 表示伴随状态的独立主格结构通常可以由with引导, 如本例题. (责任编辑:admin) |