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P1 otters水獭 P2 新能源 P3 撒谎与微表情 朗阁名师徐航点评 1. 本场考试的难度中等，话题较老套，在语言理解上障碍比较小。 2. 整体分析：涉及动物类(P1)、社会类(P2)、科学类(P3)。 本次考试第一篇还是延续去年年底的P1趋势——出现配对，另外也考察了简答题。剑桥真题中简答题虽然不多，但真题一直在偶然出现，考生要注意。第二篇文章出现的是常规的判断+大写配对的搭配形式，公司名配对和大写人名配对做法一致，公司名一般集中于一段，并没有人名题乱序重复出现的特点。考生可注意剑桥13上提到COACH, TESCO等品牌的配对题作为参考。第三篇文章出现了单选题，很多同学反映做题时间很紧张，关于谎言话题确实是雅思阅读一大热门，刚刚才考过测谎仪Lie detector。 3. 部分答案及参考文章： Passage 1：Otters水獭 题型：段落细节配对+简答 A)Otters are semiaquatic (or in the case of the sea otter, aquatic) monirnals. They are members of the Mustelid family which includes badgers, polecats, martens, weasels, stoats an have inhabited the earth for the last 30 million years and over the years have undergone subtle changes to the carnivore bodies to exploit the rich aquatic environment. Otters have long thin body and short legs-ideal for pushing dense undergrowth or hunting in tunnels. An adult male may be up to 4 feet long and 30 pounds. Females are smaller, around 16 pounds typically. The fur must he kept in good condition by grooming. Sea water reduces the waterproofing and insulating qualities of otter fur when salt water gets in the fur. This is why freshwater pools are important to otters living on the coast. After swimming, they wash the salts off in the pools and then squirm on the ground to rub dry against vegetation. B) Scent is used for hunting on land, for communication and for detecting danger. Otterine sense of smell is likely to similar in sensitivity to dogs. Otters have small eyes and arc probably short-sighted on land. But they do have the ability to modify the shape of the lens in the eye to make it more spherical, and hence overcome the refraction of water In clear water and good light, otters can hunt fish by sight. Underwater, the otter holds its legs against the body, except for steering, and the hind end of the body is flexed in a series of vertical undulations. River otters have webbing which extends for much of the length of each digit, though not lo the very end. Giant otters and sea otters have even more prominent webs, while the Asian short-clawed otter lies no webbing-they hunt for shrimps in ditches and paddy fields so they need the swimming speed. Otter ears are protected by valves which close them against water pressure. C A number of constraints and preferences limit suitable habitats for otters. Water is a must and the rivers must be large enough to support a healthy population of fish. Being such shy and wary creatures. they will prefer territories where mail's activities do not impinge grcally. Of course, there must also be no other otter already in residence-this has only become significant again recently as populations start to recover. A typical range for a mule river otter might he 25km of river, a female's range loss than half this. Because male ranges are usually larger, a male otter may find his range overlaps with two or three females. Otters will eat anything that they can get hold of there are records of sparrows and snakes and slugs gobbled. Apart from fish the most common prey are crayfish and water birds. Small mammals are occasionally taken, most commonly rabbits but even moles. D )Eurasian otters will breath any time where food is readily available. In places where condition is more severe, Sweden for example where the lakes are frozen for much of winter, cubs are born in Spring, This ensures that they are grown before severe weather returns. In the Shetlands. cubs are bam in summer when fish is more abundant. Though otters can breed every year, some do not. Again, this depends on food availability. Other factors such as food range and quality of the female may have an effect. Gestation for Eurasian otter is 63 days, with the exception of North American river otter whose embryos may undergo delayed implantation. E )Otters normally give birth in more secure dens to avoid disturbances. At seven weeks they're weaned onto solid food. At five weeks they leave the nest, blinking into daylight for the first time. After three months they finally meet the water and learn to swim. After eight months they are hunting, though the mother still provides a lot of food herself. Finally, after nine months she can chase them all away with a clear conscience, and relax-until the next fella shows up. Questions 1-9 Reading Passage 1 has seven paragraphs, A-G. Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 1-9 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 1 A description of how otters regulate vision underwater 2 The fit-for-purpose characteristics of otter's body shape 3 A reference to an underdeveloped sense 4 An explanation of why agriculture failed in otter conservation efforts 5 A description of some of the otter’s social characteristics 6 A description of how baby otters grow 7 The conflicted opinions on how to preserve 8 A reference to a legislative act 9 An explanation of how otters compensate for heat loss Questions 10-13 Answer the questions below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet 10 What affects the outer fur of otters? 11 What skill is not necessary for Asian short-clawed otters? 12 Which type of otters has the shortest range? 13 Which type of animals do otters hunt occasionally? 参考答案： 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. F 5. C 6. E 7. G 8. G 9. A 10. salt water 11. swimming speed 12. coastal otters 13. small mammals Passage 2：新能源 题型：判断+公司配对 Renewable Energy An insight into the progress in renewable energy research A The race is on for the ultimate goal of renewable energy: electricity production at prices that are competitive with coal-fired power stations, but without coal’s pollution.Some new technologies are aiming to be the first to push coal from its position as Australia’s chief source of electricity. B At the moment the front-runner in renewable energy is wind technology. According to Peter Bergin of Australian Hydro, one of Australia’s leading wind energy companies, there have been no dramatic changes in windmill design for many years, but the cumulative effects of numerous small improvements have had a major impact on cost. 4 We’re reaping the benefits of 30 years of research in Europe, without having to make the same mistakes that they did,’Mr. Bergin says. C Electricity can be produced from coal at around 4 cents per kilowatt-hour, but only if the environmental costs are ignored. ‘Australia has the second cheapest electricity in the world, and this makes it difficult for renewable to compete,’says Richard Hunter of the Australian Ecogeneration Association (AEA). Nevertheless, the AEA reports: The production cost of a kilowatt-hour of wind power is one fifth of what it was 20 years ago,’or around 7 cents per kilowatt-hour. D Australian Hydro has dozens of wind monitoring stations across Australia as pari of its aim to become Australia’s pre-eminent renewable energy company. Despite all these developments, wind power remains one of the few forms of alternative energy where Australia is nowhere near the global cutting edge, mostly just replicating European designs. E While wind may currently lead the way, some consider a number of technologies underdevelopment have more potential. In several cases, Australia is at the forefront of global research in the area. Some of them are very site-specific,ensuring that they may never become dominant market players. On the other hand,these newer developments are capable of providing more reliable power, avoiding the major criticism of windmills –the need for back-up on a calm day. F One such development uses hot, dry rocks. Deep beneath South Australia,radiation from elements contained in granite heats the rocks. Layers of insulating sedimentation raise the temperatures in some location to 250°centigrade. An Australian firm, Geoenergy,is proposing to pump water 3.5 kilometres into the earth, where it will travel through tiny fissures in the granite, heating up as it goes, until it escapes as steam through another drilled hole. G No greenhouse gases are produced, but the system needs some additional features if it is to be environmentally friendly. Dr Prue Chopra, a geophysicist at the Australian National University and one of the founders of Geoenergy, note that the steam will bring with it radon gas, along through a heat exchanger and then sent back underground for another cycle. Technically speaking, hot dry rocks are not are newable source of energy. However, the Australian source is so large it could supply the entire country’s needs for thousands of years at current rates of consumption. H Two other proposals for very different ways to harness sun and wind energy have surfaced recently.Progress continues with Australian company EnviroPower’s plans for Australia’s first solar chimney near Mildura, in Victoria. Under this scheme, a tall tower will draw hot air from a greenhousebuilt to cover the surrounding 5 km2. As the air rises, it will drive aturbine* to produce electricity. The solar tower combines three very old technologies–the chimney,the turbine and the greenhouse –to produce something quite new. It is this reliance on proven engineering principles that led Enviropower’s CEO, Richard Davies, to state: There is no doubt this technology will work, none at all.’ I This year, Enviropower recognized that the quality of sunlight in the Mildura district will require a substantially larger collecting area than was previously thought. However,spokesperson kay Firth says that a new location closer to Mildura will enable Enviropower to balance the increased costs with extra revenue. Besides saving in transmission costs, the new site ‘will mean increased revenue from tourism and use of power for telecommunications. We’ll also be able to use the outer 500 metres for agribusiness.’Wind speeds closer to the tower will be too high for farming. J Another Australian company, Wavetech, is achieving success with ways of harvesting the energy in waves. Wavetech’s invention uses a curved surface to push waves into a chamber, where the flowing water column pushes air back and forth through a turbine. Wavetech was created when Dr. Tim Devine offered the idea to the world leader in wave generator manufacturers, who rather surprisingly rejected it. Dr. Devine responded by establishing Wavetech, and making a number of other improvements to generator design. Wavetech claims that, at appropriate sites, ‘the cost of electricity produced with our technology should be below 4cents per kilowatt-hour. K The diversity of forms of greenhouse -friendly energy under development in Australia is remarkable.However, support on a national level is disappointing. According to Richard Hunter of the AEA, ‘Australia has huge potential for wind, sun and wave technology. We should really be at the forefront, but the reality is we are along way behind. Question 14-20 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2? In boxes 14-20on your answer sheet 14 In Australia，alternative energies are less expensive than conventional electricity. 15 Geo energy needs to adapt its system to make it less harmful to the environment. 16 Dr. Prue Chopra has studied the effects of radon gas on the environment. 17 Hot，dry rocks could provide enough power for the whole of Australia. 18 The new Enviro power facility will keep tourists away. 19 Wave tech was established when its founders we returned down by another company. 20 According to the AEA，Australia is a world leader in developing renewable energy. Question 21-26 Look at the following statements(Questions 21-26) and the list of companies below. Match each statement with the correct company，A-D. Write the correct letter，A-D，in boxes 21-26on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 21 During the process，harmful substances are prevented from escaping. 22 Water is used to force air through a special device. 23 Techniques used by other countries are being copied 24 The system can provide services other than energy production 25Itis planned to force water deep under the ground. 26 Original estimates for part of the project have been revised. List of Companies A Australian Hydro B Geo energy C Enviropower D Wave tech 14 FALSE 15 TRUE 16 NOTGIVEN 17 TRUE 18 FALSE 19 TRUE 20 FALSE 21 B 22 D 23 A 24 C 25 B 26 C Passage 3：The art of deception 题型：单选+填空+判断 27-29 选择 27 选 peers 28 选 describe the origin of Ek research 29 选 micro-expressions are common for all people 30 选 are examined to learn about micro-expressions 31 选 micro-expression can be used in a limited range of occupations 32-36 填空 32 false relief 33 crimes 34 research 35 justice 36 acting 37-40 判断 37 NG 38 N 39 NG 40 待补充 (责任编辑：jasmine) |
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